Elizabethan & Victorian era

England, one of the powerful countries in the world, is a part of United Kingdom. They are Victorian Era and Elizabethan Era which have several characteristics in common. All women had limited right, it is a male who makes decisions for them without any consultation or affirmation, in both eras it is a very interesting fact that, although it is a woman who sat on the throne as queen, women in general have so limited rights also wat was common in both eras was the fact that fashion played a very significant role not was just merely a way of dressing but something that defined the social order, dressing inspired the way people dressed in the both the eras.

Ladies in the Elizabethan times required significant number different approaches of demonstrating to their design styles. Components for example, puffy sleeves, tight-fitting bodices for dresses, and ruffles demonstrated status clinched alongside particular social order. They likewise utilized different sorts about clothes to settle on themselves show up additional petite over they really were. The upper class of Elizabethan England wore elegant and luxurious clothing that were made of expensive velvet, exotic silk and satin. Only the members of the Royal Family were allowed to own robes which were trimmed with ermine. Quite the contrast to the luxurious clothing of the affluent was the clothing worn by peasants. They wore clothing made of simple materials such as English cotton, wool and leather. Woolen clothing was in fact quite popular among the working as well as domestic classes since it was rather cheap and the wool trade saw an increase during the period. Elizabethan England Clothing for women usually consisted of gowns, underclothing, corsets, hats, ruffs, collars and shoes. The men wore doublets, underclothing, breeches, ruffs, collars, hats and shoes. Women often wore fancy jewelry but for both men and women ruffs were an indispensable item that adds to their elegant look. The Queen herself wore many elaborate collars. The ruffs were worn around the neck or wrists and became significantly larger later.

Where in the Victorian era the dresses became slimmer and Skirts went from straight to being spread over large hoops. Head gear was a style all its own, there was a range of lavishly decorated hats, covered with feathers and flowers, feathers, lace, and flowers would still be used for decoration. To wear those dresses, it was necessary to have a cinched-in waist, was worn by upper and middle class ladies. Working-class women were more modest, because of the exposure of flesh to cool air, shawls joined. Satins, silks, and heavy velvets for the older generation were the norm. For younger society ladies who were on the look-out for "a good catch", the lighter the material, the better, fragile gauze dresses, covered with bows or flowers, were made to catch a prospective husband's eye. On average, these dresses were worn only once or twice and then thrown away. Middle-class women bought either garments, or ready-made clothes, with the idea that they would last, the garment would at some point be cut-down so that it could be worn by children. For the well-dressed female tradesman bright silk scarf would be worn around the neck, and a flower-strewn bonnet would adorn the head. Brightly polished boots would be proudly shown beneath a many petticoat skirt.

Dressing was always a way of living in both the eras, the way people wore clothes did change with the coming in of new fashion but the role fashion played did not change in both the eras.

Roman & Greek clothing

The roman civilization and Greek civilization were very similar they both were very wide in terms of its history, culture and lifestyle. There was hierarchal division which was very important. The lowest class was the slaves, they were owned by other people and they had no rights at all. The next class was the plebeians, they were free people and they had little say at all. The second highest class was the equestrians (sometimes they are called the 'knights'), their name means the 'riders', as they were given a horse to ride and to be an equestrian you had to be rich. The highest class was the nobles, they were called 'patricians' ans all the real power play with them which also governed what the people wore the men by wore two garments, that tunica and the frock. The tunica might have been a short woolen under article of clothing with short sleeves. The frock particularly intended likewise a state funded presentation garment, those tunica might have been also worn by people inside the solaces of their own homes. That tunic worn by patrician men had been committed from white wool; same time poor people wore fabric that was promptly accessible, the toga, unique tunics were worn on imply one's title. The excellent frock might have been a unique article of clothing that just genuine subjects were permitted to wear. That frock might have been an extensive bulky robe; the ladies likewise wore tunica clinched alongside a great part that same design as those men. 

There were two types, both adjusted starting with Greek design. One, the peplums might have been produced from two rectangular ends from claiming material incompletely sewn together around both sides with the open segments. It might have been pulled in that mind and attached for two expansive pins, shaping a sleeveless dress, long sleeveless tunic might have been strapped toward that shoulder, assembled done toward those waist for the article of clothing extending of the feet. Over addition, the pula might have been a sort shawl should have over the entire figure. Style of the Different times likewise showed the extent to which make-up, adornment. Sufficiency to say that such adornments were similarly as prevalent in the ancient administration globe as to whatever time. Foot-gear might have been primarily from claiming two kinds, yet might have been worn over a number styles Also traditions. The guidelines to shoes weren't as strict as the individuals for general apparel. Ladies utilized results to skin, rogue, eyes, nails, teeth’s, wore unrestrained dress. 

They accepted that reasonable also white skin speaks to riches. Ladies normally ready their skin for excellence masks in the recent past beginning to apply cosmetics. Despite the fact that they knew that lead based whiteners cam wood be hazardous for health, they proceeded utilizing them for conviction that white skin will be more significant. They additionally needed extensive variety of popular remedies that battled against sunspots, skin flakes, blemishes, wrinkles.

Medieval and Renaissance clothing

The medieval ages is the period in European history which, along with its adjective ‘medieval’, was first referred to by Italian scholars and the academics of the late fifteenth century. They were basically stating that the society in which they lived was significantly more civilised and advanced in many ways, than that which has existed in previous thousand years. This may have been true in certain elite sections of the Italian society which had begun to emulate the art and philosophy of ancient Greece, but generally in Italy and Europe overall no all-pervading change had occurred.

Although, it often thought that the term the "Dark Ages" refers to unusual levels of  violence, cruelty, or disease in the era, this is not the case. The Roman Empire had almost constant warfare on its border throughout its existence, and had fairly high level violence within the Empire. One has to only read an account of a crucifixion to understand the level of cruelty in the Empire. The Renaissance, although it produced a great deal of great literature and art, was also a violent, war-torn society. Epidemic disease was of course rampant in all human societies until the advent of modern medicine. Peasant men wore stockings or tunics, while women wore long gowns with sleeveless tunics and wimples to cover their hair. Sheepskin cloaks and woollen hats and mittens were worn in winter for protection from the cold and rain. Leather boots were covered with wooden patens to keep the feet dry. The outer clothes were almost never laundered, but the linen underwear was regularly washed. The smell of wood smoke that permeated the clothing seemed to act as a deodorant. Peasant women spun wool into the threads that were woven into the cloth for these garments.

The term Dark Ages was originally used to describe the the perceived lack of learning during the Middle Ages. The exact period covered by the term has always been somewhat fluid. At times it has been applied to whole of the Middle Ages.The term now is reserved, when it is used at all, for the period of social collapse after the fall of Roman Empire, when there was little in the way of historical or literary production. One implication of this that there are very few sources for this era, hence it is difficult for historians to reconstruct what happened in the era. In this sense term is limited only to the early Middle Ages. 

Daily life during the Middle Ages is sometimes hard to fathom. Pop culture loves to focus on exciting medieval moments-heroic knights charging into battle; romantic liaisons between royalty and commoner; breakthroughs and discoveries made. But life for your average person during the Dark Ages was very routine, and activities revolved around an agrarian calendar.

Most of the time was spent working the land, and trying to grow enough food to survive another year. Church feasts marked sowing and reaping days, and occasions when peasant and lord

Most people in the Middle Ages wore woollen clothing, with undergarments made of linen. Brighter colours, better materials, and a longer jacket length were usually signs of greater wealth. The clothing of the aristocracy and wealthy merchants tended to be elaborate and changed according to the dictates of fashion. Towards the end of the Middle Ages, men of the wealthy classes sported hose and a jacket, often with pleating or skirting, or a tunic with a furcoat. Women wore flowing gowns and elaborate head wear, ranging from headdresses shaped like hearts or butterflies to tall steeple caps and Italian turbans.

Most of the holy orders wore long woollen habits in emulation of Roman clothing. One could tell the order by the colour of the habit: the Benedictines wore black; the Cistercians, undyed wool or white. St. Benedict stated that a monk's clothes should be plain but comfortable and they were allowed to wear linen coifs to keep their heads warm. The Poor Clare Sisters, an order of Franciscan nuns, had to petition the Pope in order to be permitted to wear woollen socks.

Fur was often used to line the garments of the wealthy. Jewelry was lavish, much of it imported and often used as security against loans. Gem cutting was not invented until the fifteenth century, so most stones were not very lustrous. Ring brooches were the most popular item from the twelfth century on. Chaucer's prioress in the Canterbury Tales wore a brooch with the inscription "Amor vincit omnia" ("Love conquers all"), not a particularly appropriate slogan for a nun. Diamonds became popular in Europe in the fourteenth century. By the mid-fourteenth century there were laws to control who wore what jewelry , and knights were not permitted to wear rings. Sometimes clothes were garnished with silver, but only the wealthy could wear such item, the very difference between was the ease of the garments.
The renaissance was the period between considered the bridge between the middle age and modern age there was a very slight difference between the clothing in medival and renaissance age, the clothing tended to mold the figure into the current trend of shapes clothing used much padding and tightening, especially in the shoulders and hips where in the medieval garb was typically very loose and flowing, there was a very thin line of distinction between the ages and there clothing.

TRENDING IN!

This season the stylish alternatives are shifting from fitted body dresses to comfortable boyfriend over sized tee and blazers. Although the body con dresses still remain the part of the fashion, the body fitted dresses remain the definition of sexy but now a days sexy has become casual too, casual can be sexy too which not only makes you look good but casually fashionable.



The new trend of dressing over sized is comfy, easy and compliments every body type. These days fashionistas are ditching body hugging/fitted dresses and adopting loose clothing.

Bollywood fashionista, actress Sonam kappor was recently spotted in an oversized ,anti fitting blazer teamed up a crop top and midi skirt, not only bollywood divas but also international star Gigi hadid was spotted wearing an oversized stripped shirt with a pair of black jeans.
The new trend of wearing oversized are slowly being accepted as it is very comfortable,they make for hassle free way of dressing and prove to be versatile for all sizes and shapes.

While opting for oversized clothing experts suggest that layering or separating layers should be kept in mind be it an over shirt, a cover up blazer or a pea coat all should be separate layers, the best way to make an oversized clothing look good and not paper bag like is through filters and layer or teaming up with the right accessories  and right bottoms be that be skirts, trousers or jeans, striking the right balance is very important.

                                                                                          

Dressing in oversized from head to toe a make you look like a total disaster. So, strike the right balance, layer your clothes and you ready to go with you casual sexy look!!

Visuals and Design?

 Visual communication is one of the most efficient parts of communication and in fact the most important way of communication.

Design plays an important role in our lives, people specially of metropolitans cannot imagine lives without design, delhiites imagine if there was no layed plan for us then how would we live, we’d all be stuck in traffic all the time, in fact there would be no traffic as there would be no cars, won’t be able to recognize simple things, all would be same and no difference, how difficult will it be to find our houses. Design helps us make our lives better and easy in every possible way.

Visual communication the way we see things and interpret, for the matter of fact communication is seeing and interpreting and imagine if there is no design especially for the tech world we live in how will we be able to interpret simple things, for everything nowadays we use Google and if there was no design the no Google and if there would be nothing possible as each and everything in our lives is more connected to our digital world and this digital world won’t exists If no design , imagine a day without design things will be so messy, everything will be like blocks of colors with no communication like roads leading to no place no signs on the roads, no red lights, nothing in the right place the days would be a mess indeed.

Design helps in creating and destroying things like , for the matter of fact communication is seeing and interpreting and imagine if there is no design how would we interpret simple thing  we ever observed the apple sign on your phones  it’s an eaten apple do you think Steve jobs just randomly came up with the idea or just did that randomly no it’s because of the design and that’s one of the international brands which is recognized by its design or the sign of apple, like even if people say apple we don’t think of apple  the fruit but the phone apple that how well design and communication are connected, the brand communicates its design so well that apple is phone not the fruit and is because if the design the design is so unique that communication and design fit in perfectly.

Design and communication are a part of each other’s existence, design is a way of life and if not communicated in the right way it won’t exist, moreover I feel that communication is more dependent on design because if there is no existence of things communication won’t even exist or help but if there is no communication then people won’t be aware of things existing it is an interdependent process which binds these two together.

FASHION CULTURES

 Fashion is ever changing and never constant for any of us; it varies from individual to individual and their taste. 

Fashion for some is a way of life which not only includes their clothing but hairstyles, there has been a drastic change in how in earlier times people used have hairstyles and how now men and women do not site in with their hair and not only that there have been changes in the way people used to dress back then and how they dress now like in the 1900s

women were more towards conservative clothing where as with the passing time women became more aware and started to wear pants like men and slowly evolved as fashion keep changing like today women wear both dresses or gown and at the same time they are professionals wearing suits.  Fashion is a way people wish to portray themselves to the

world and how they wish people to see them, fashion depends on many factors like the society we live in or the surroundings we have or maybe our culture.

Cultures are one of the agents that defines us and

our identity and one of those factors too that affect our choice if clothes at times there are smaller cultures formed within cultures which are known as subculture which affect the cultures and the society as they affect peoples lifestyle and clothing. Some of the prominent subcultures are punk, hippie, minimalistic and gothic, these are cultures that have become popular and spread around the world due to the affect of globalization, these cultures spread and they are opted by people who slowly become strong believer of this culture and relate to it and these cultures

then affect our society. Like the punk culture, the punk era still greatly influences the way we dress. Those who relate to it feel liberated in that fashion should be an expression of us, it’s their own personal style, it’s their own lifestyle and their likes and dislikes and this first occurred due to the punk era. The punk cultures not only are an effect on those who follow it but they also are an influence on that mainstream fashion today, the Ripped jeans, pinned garments, studded bags and belts, heavy chains, leather jackets, the list goes on.  Different subcultures affect different groups, cultures and subcultures and led to various changes in our lives and the society like the change in the jeans from straight fit to rip jeans.

EGYPTIAN CLOTHING!!

The Egyptian civilisation routes around 4000BCE, the civilisation is one of the best civilisations of its times which is mostly known for its pyramids, temples, mummies found filled with riches and costumes and clothing.

In the earlier times fashions were derived from softened skins, through sewing elements and from barks, feathers or laced grasses where in the Egyptians were quite sophisticated, Egyptians cared about their physical appearance which decided the persons status, political significance and the role the person played in the society, and the clothing was based on two elements the means kilt wrap and for women the sewed kalasaris.

The men in Egypt wore wrap round skirt that were tied with belt on the waist, the wrap round was called schenti which was decorated with side pleating and differed clothing which was worn by royalties and notabilities which length up to the knees and till the thigh in the 2000BCE to 3000BCE. The commoners, nobility's and royalties wore triangular pieces of clothing the loincloth where as the slaves did not wear any clothes, they were allowed to wear clothes only after the transformation of new kingdom. The tunic, a rectangular piece of cloth was worn by pharaoh after conquering ceria. The clothing comprised of the beard or postiche, which was a bears out of gold or wood and the headgear's which were made out of leather and then linen which were worn by nobility's known as neme and the other being khat which was off what colour which was worn by commoners and notabilities, the servants and slaves did not wear khat or neme. The footwear came into quite late in the new kingdom which was made out of leather or papyrus fiber.

 

10 reasons why a girl needs girlfriends in her life?

10 reasons why a girl needs girlfriends in her life?

In life we come across a lot people and all of them occupy special place, they come and go but there are some people in our lives that stay in our hearts forever and for a girl those people her girlfriend and the most ultimate 10 reasons why girls need their girlfriends:

1. MEN AREN'T ENOUGH

There are times when you have issues and the person holding your back is that  girl friend, issues like fights with your mother cant be explained to anyone except her because she knows you and your family in and out and trust men aren't that understanding they loose there temper but your girlfriend will stand by you.

2. YOU NEED A SHOPPING PARTNER
Trust me when you take 20 outfits to a trail room a guy would freak out. he would get paranoid and if

you tell him  that you are only going to buy 3 outfits, first hell go mad about you taking 20 outfits when you wished to buy 3 which is never happening with your bestie she'll be the one getting you 20 more outfits and if you take your mother then it is obviously not happening shell expect you to just try come out and buy and you don't get 3 you get 2 if you take a lot time plus you get no trail selfie time where in with your best friend you take selfie's and send them to her and there are 20 suggestions for 1 outfit.

3. DISCUSSING A NEW CRUSH( which you can never do with a guy )
So the first time ever i saw NICK BATEMAN i just instantly called my best friend and obviously i could not call my guy friend fir the matter of fact any guy i see when I'm with my best friend condition apply he is good looking i only have to turn back to her all girls do this.

4. YOU CAN NOT ALWAYS GO ON ROMANTIC DRIVES AT TIMES YOU JUST NEED CRAZY DRIVES
Romantic drives with guys are amazing and they are nice but at times we all require break from guys and needed to with our girlfriends on drives, loud favourite music, open window and tons of gossip is all that you need at times and guys aren't just what you need and romantic drives aren't always fun!

5. SO THAT WHEN A GUY APPROACHES YOU KNOW WHO TO TURN TO FOR DISCUSSING EVERY JUICY DETAIL
Girlfriends are forever and when at times you go on dates or are approached for one you just want to tell your girlfriend you want her opinion, you wish to give her every detail, even if you are on a date you text your best friend about every moment!!

6. SO THAT YOU DISCUSS ALL THE CREEPY GUYS WHO HAVE EVER HURT YOU AND BROUGHT TO A PHASE WHERE IN YOU ARE IN A FIX
There are times when we all have at times dating wrong guys and depressed nights where in we don't know what to do, who to talk to and feel that our worlds come to an end and in those nights we spend long nights over phone with our besties discussing everything because we all know that we can always turn to her and shell never be bored and she is always interested i discussing your problem and no one in the world understands you better than her.

7. FOR HAVING CRAZY GIRLY NIGHT OUT AND DRUNK NIGHTS
Girlfriends never judge girlfriends they together may judge others but never each other and guys can never handle drunk girls and you always need filters in front of them where as in front of you girlfriend you don't you can talk shit as you plead without being judged and so drinking with them is always fun and never gets less crazy.

8. FOR BITCHING (always happening)

Talking about people you dislike and being your girlfriend has to hate that person too because she

is your gf and you hate her so she hates that person, and being a girl its inbuilt to bitch which men can never handle and your girlfriend bitches with you!!


9. BECAUSE AT A POINT THEY JUST DON'T REMAIN FRIENDS THEY ARE SISTERS

She is no more just a friend she is part of your family, she becomes your sister who is equally involved in your family, your family knows her she is always there when you fight with your family you turn up to her because she knows everyone so after a time is a part of you!!


10. BECAUSE YOU ALWAYS NEED BRIDE MAIDS
So one day which you are walking down the aisle you just want to see her as your bridesmaid standing there,you need her the most because you cant share all your fears with everyone and she's not just a friend she is your sister, who is handles your parents when they get emotional about you getting married she becomes the support system.